Cancer Is The Uncontrolled Growth Of Cells, And Is A Major...

Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells, and is a major cause of death throughout the world. The development of cancer chemotherapeutics began in the 1940s [Shewach, D. and Kuchta, R, 2009] and very early drugs were based on nitrogen mustards, agents similar to mustard gas. Sulphur mustard gas was used as chemical warfare in World War I (WWI), and this led to new approaches for cancer therapeutics. These traditional chemotherapeutic compounds however, can attack cell division in a cancerous, as well as a normal cell, as tumour and normal cells share the same DNA. This leads to several serious side effects. Newer chemotherapeutics, such as the use of monoclonal antibodies, target specific differences between tumour and normal tissue, and therefore do not exhibit such toxicities [Shewach, D. and Kuchta, R, 2009] Toxic gases were a common military weapon in WWI, the most dangerous being the sulphur mustard gas. This gas caused skin irritation, blindness and pulmonary damage [Colvin, M., 2003]. Exposure to this gas, however, also caused bone marrow suppression, and therefore sulphur mustard was labeled an anti-tumour agent. The most frequently used alkylating agents are these nitrogen mustards and cyclophosphamide, the most common of these nitrogen mustards is still used widely today. This drug is not reactive, and undergoes activation inside the body. It can be given orally, intravenously and sometimes even intramuscularly. Inside the body, it undergoes extensiveShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding Air Pollution Causing By Nitrogen Oxide952 Words   |  4 PagesOctober 2013, the World Health organization had declared that air pollution cause by nitrogen oxide to be one of the planet’s most dangerous environmental carcinogens [3]. Air pollution not only causes cardiovascular diseases but it also plays a major role in heart attack, stroke, lung cancer and other chronical diseases. 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